看
看
看
看
看
1970s Anatomical Revenge Films
The DEADLY WEAPONS and SOUL VENGEANCE Page
The purpose of this page is to explore the link between two unusual films, Doris Wishman's Deadly Weapons (1973) and Jamaa Fanaka's Soul Vengeance (1975). Deadly Weapons concerns a woman with a 73-inch bust who uses her breasts to smother the men who killed her boyfriend. Soul Vengeance is about a pimp with a ten-foot erection who uses it to strangle the corrupt cops and judges who sent him to prison. In short, each film's protagonist uses her/his incredible endowment to wreak revenge on the white male power structure. Though both films have some notoriety among cult film types, I have never seen them discussed together and rarely seen either treated as anything more than an oddity. (They are unquestionably that.) Soul Vengeance was released two years after Deadly Weapons, but it was a UCLA film school project that was apparently made a year or two earlier. The chronological coincidence is thus near exact. Both films were made circa 1973 (and 73 was Chesty Morgan's alleged bust measurement). Was either filmmaker aware of the other's project? Or was this a case of simultaneous creation, like the invention of calculus? I suspect the plot similarities may be coincidental. Wishman was a soft-porn director flying far below the critical radar. Fanaka, later a successful blaxploitation director, was still a film student. Aside from Double Agent 73 (1974), Wishman's follow-up to Deadly Weapons, I am not aware of any other films that fit in this category. I am not even sure what to call this category. "Anatomical revenge"? "Fetishistic snuff"? Either sounds too flippant for films that, whatever their limitations, present an allegory of sex and race in America never before dared and (in their own terms) never afterward surpassed.
Doris Wishman and Deadly Weapons
Doris Wishman (1912-2002) is reputed to be the most prolific female director of the twentieth century. Born in and mostly working from New York, she made 30 films, starting with soft-porn nudist camp features. From there she segued to exploitation "roughies" combing violence, sex, and sensational gimmicks. "If you are sensitive and cannot stand scenes of sex, perversion and horror, then we do not recommend... Doris Wishman," went the trailer to one of Wishman's films. Asked for her source of inspiration, Wishman told author Andrea Juno: "Sometimes you just get a title, then you work around the title, which I've done many times. It's ridiculous, of course, but that's how I work." Wishman's titles have included Bad Girls Go to Hell, A Night to Dismember, and Dildo Heaven.
Wishman wrote, produced, directed, and sometimes edited. At her end of the business, auteurship was not a marketable asset. Wishman almost always used different male pseudonyms in the credits to make it look like it was a bigger production. Wishman never got rich, as she admitted, and thrift was an integral part of her low-budget art. She often recycled footage from previous films in new ones.
"Only Jean-Luc Godard can match her indifference to composition and framing; if two people are talking and one is partially obscured by a post, so be it -- the camera will not change its angle," wrote critic Jim Morton. "Sometimes we are treated to static shots of feet -- or torsos, or hands -- while voices talk off-screen. At other times Ms. Wishman will trade off shots in such a way that we never see the person who's talking -- instead we watch the listener, his head nodding thoughtfully to words from a speaker we can't see. Often her camera imitates a human eye roving restlessly around the room, occasionally allowing insignificant objects to hold its attention." There was an economic reason for this. Wishman found she could shoot a film faster (cheaper) by not worrying about getting usable dialog. She'd shoot quickly, then dub the dialog later. Hence the camera's aversion to showing actors' lips moving while they talk.
Extras scarcely exist in the Wishman universe. Deadly Weapons has two oddly depopulated "crowd scenes," one in a nightclub and one poolside at a Miami resort. In each, two or three people stand in for dozens or hundreds. The poolside scene is the most minimal imaginable, reduced to tight shots of two actors on cheap chaise longues that do not match.
Deadly Weapons was conceived as a showcase for the Polish-Israeli-American stripper Chesty Morgan (reputedly born 1928 as Lillian Wilczkowsky, and credited as "Zsa Zsa" in Deadly Weapons). In her nightclub act, Morgan was billed as having measurements of 73-32-36. Her Polish accent was so thick that her lines had to be dubbed. (For anyone other than Wishman, this might have been a deal-breaker.) One of Morgan's co-stars is hardcore porn actor Harry Reems, who had just done Deep Throat a year earlier. Reems was young enough to be Morgan's son, and hardcore was beginning to make the Wishman-Russ Meyer-softcore business plan obsolete.
Trailer V.O.: "Do you know that the female breasts, known to be the source of life since Eve, can be... Deadly Weapons!" The film follows a Wishman plot template. A "nice girl" is wronged by a man; she kills him and turns to a life of crime; she comes to a bad end. Chesty Morgan plays Crystal, an ad executive in love with a mobster. Typical line: "You're a successful advertising executive. Beautiful, loads of dough. I'm nothing but trouble, baby." One night, as Crystal is going over her ad layouts, boyfriend Larry phones and proposes marriage. Crystal says yes. Then there's a knock at the door on Larry's end of the line. Crystal overhears two mobsters come in and shoot Larry dead.
Crystal vows revenge on the two men responsible, Tony (Reems) and the one-eyed Captain Hook. Conveniently, neither knows what she looks like. Stock footage of jetliners and hotels allow Crystal to track them to Las Vegas and Miami (most of the film was shot in Wishman's suburban home.) Crystal seduces each man in turn. She puts a mickey in his drink, then smothers him between her breasts. The plot doesn't bother to explain why she chooses this method. (She has a gun.) The film's surprise ending leaves Chesty with a bullet between her killer breasts. In her dying moments, she achieves one last act of revenge.
Wishman intended to make three films with Chesty Morgan. She did only two. "Chesty Morgan was very difficult to work with," Wishman complained to Andrea Juno. "She's made a lot of money because of this picture -- she appears in nightclubs and earns a great deal of money." The footage for the second Wishman-directed Morgan picture, Double Agent 73 (1974) was shot nearly simultaneously with Deadly Weapons. This is a spy film that falls only partly into the anatomical-revenge category. Morgan's character, Jean Genet, kills communist heroin pushers by various bizarre means, some involving her breasts and some not. One villain is slapped to death with Morgan's mammaries; another expires after sucking her poisoned nipple. A typically Wishman plot device is that Genet films the killings with a camera surgically implanted in her left breast. To keep the plot moving along, the camera has to be removed by a deadline or it will explode.
Chesty Morgan was not much of an actress. She nonetheless has one of the most recherche filmographies possible. Morgan has appeared in 4 1/2 films -- one by Fellini. After the two Wishman vehicles, she did a bit role in Fellini's Casanova (1976). Her character, Barbarina, was, naturally, a woman with very large breasts. In 1981, Morgan appeared as the only Westerner in Hong Kong director Mu Zhu's Third Hand.
The 1/2 is Morgan's appearance, at one remove, in John Waters' Serial Mom (1994). A TV screen within the movie shows footage from Double Agent 73. Waters intended to cast Morgan as Divine's mother in his never-produced sequel to Pink Flamingos.
Doris Wishman made films to the end of her long life. She was working on one when she died of cancer at the age of 90. Only in her late years did she get much critical recognition. "She made her films for a specific marketplace but created definite subversive subtexts that were statements on the exploitation of woman," wrote novelist Christopher J. Jarmick. "In most of her films, Wishman twisted male ideals of female sexuality and male fantasies in previously unimaginable ways."
On more than one occasion, Wishman vowed, "After I die, I will be making movies in hell!"
Jamaa Fanaka and Soul Vengeance
Jamaa Fanaka (at right, with Penitentiary star Leon Kennedy) was born as Walter Gordon in Jackson, Mississippi, in 1942. He has come closer to Hollywood success than Wishman did. Fanaka is best known for the prison film Penitentiary (1979) and its two sequels. These invented the Oz mythology of baroquely sadomasochistic power games going on behind bars. Much of Fanaka's work blends a gritty urban sensibility with outlandish fantasy. His most recent film is Street Wars (1994), about an L.A. street gang that attacks a rival gang using motorized hang-gliders. It is not so surprising, then, that it was Fanaka who conceived the very Sistine chapel of blaxploitation high concepts: the angry black man who strangles white oppressors with his penis. Shot as a student film with no-name actors, it became the 1975 theatrical release Welcome Home Brother Charles. The film is now known mainly as Soul Vengeance, the name adopted for the video and DVD releases.
Marlo Monte plays Charlie, a Watts pimp. As the movie begins, police have cornered him on the edge of a building and he's about to jump. The main plot is a flashback telling how he got there.
In the flashback, bigoted white cops arrest Charlie. One cop beats him up, then attempts to castrate him. The extent of his injury is left unclear. That night, the cop returns to his incredibly tacky home and argues with his wife. It turns out that the cop's wife has been seeing Charlie's partner, who is also black. The wife fumes that the cop is under-endowed. She needs a real man.
We also learn that the cop was at the airport that same day and disarmed an atomic bomb with a penknife. Evidently, he used the same penknife to mutilate Charlie. As far as the background exposition goes, Soul Vengeance is in the mold of Godzilla, Mothra, and The Amazing Colossal Man. Atomic radiation causes something natural to grow to unnatural dimensions and become a "monster."
Charlie is tried on trumped-up charges and sent to prison for three years. After his release, he returns home to the old neighborhood. Everyone he knew has betrayed him. Charlie intends to exact vengeance on the men who convicted him by possessing their wives or girlfriends and killing the men. He has perfected some means of mesmerizing white women. Shown in close-ups, the women moan ecstatically and become his willing minions.
Soul Vengeance is parsimonious with its pay-off. Only once do we see Charlie use his novel weapon. In the pay-off scene, Charlie is going after the wimpy prosecuting attorney. The attorney's voluptuous girlfriend lets Charlie into the house. Charlie has her call the attorney from bed. He comes down the stairs wearing a bathrobe.
The camera shoots from underneath Charlie's crotch. He's having this incredible erection. For a moment, it looks like it could be real. It keeps getting longer and longer. The attorney falls down, paralyzed with fear. His bathrobe falls open, revealing his buttocks and implying the possibility of rape. Instead, the penis goes for his neck.
Fanaka was not filming somebody's incredible-but-true anatomy. He had to imagine what a ten-foot prehensile erection would look like and build it. The Soul Vengeance prosthesis is scarcely thicker than a real erection, which gives it the weirdly slender proportions of a garden hose. The actor playing the attorney had to coil the prosthesis around him, pretend it was strangling him, and "die." It's reminiscent of Bela Lugosi fighting the rubber octopus in Tim Burton's Ed Wood, yet ultimately far stranger than Burton's or Wood's conceptions.
Cut. "You haven't seen any strange black men loitering around, have you?" a cop asks the attorney's girlfriend. Charlie's next intended victim is the corrupt judge. The cops arrive and there's a chase, leading to Charlie being on top of a building, about to jump. They bring in his girlfriend to talk him out of it. Her advice is: "Jump!"
The original audiences of Deadly Weapons knew exactly what they were getting. I'm not sure that was true of the first audiences for Welcome Back Brother Charles a.k.a. Soul Vengeance. I have seen a theatrical poster for Welcome Back Brother Charles. Nothing in the poster tips off the gimmick. There is nothing distinctly supernatural or fantastic in the plot until the pay-off scene. It's not a porno film (it was rated "R"). The original audience couldn't have been expecting to see frontal male nudity, much less what they did see.
Soul Vengeance did not do for Marlo Monte's career what Deadly Weapons did for Chesty Morgan's. IMDb lists no other credits. Yet the film did launch the career of a MacArthur Foundation "genius" award recipient. That was Charles Burnett, one of the cameramen. Burnett is the director of To Sleep with Anger (1990) and Killer of Sheep (1977) -- the latter selected for protection by Library of Congress in 1990.
Over the years, I've seen occasional op-ed pieces by Fanaka in the Los Angeles Times' entertainment section. These identified Fanaka as founder of the Directors Guild of America's African American Steering Committee. In one of the articles, Fanaka said he used grant money from the Rockefeller and Ford foundations to make three feature films while he was at UCLA. I think that means that Soul Vengeance would have been one of them, and part of the Rockefeller and Ford fortunes bought a big black rubber phallus.
In one L.A. Times piece, Fanaka wrote (not talking about Soul Vengeance): "Blacks have too often been cinematically castrated ever since Edison invented the Kinetoscope." Another time (also not in reference to SV): "There are no small roles if the actor's talent is big."
Film as Meme
If "anatomical revenge" was a cinematic trend, it was a short-lived one. There do not seem to be any other films fitting this particular model. (The conspicuous omission is a movie about a woman who kills with her vagina, a premise with folkloric as well as psychoanalytic precedent. Fanaka did a Black Sister's Revenge [1976], but it's not that. Neither is Wishman's The Haunted Pussy [1976].)
The political subtext in Soul Vengeance is manifest. That in Deadly Weapons is more open to interpretation. For one thing, it was created for the breast-obsessed male gaze. For another, Wishman herself was dismissive of critical attempts to find much more in her films than meets the eye. She told interviewers that she didn't believe in "women's lib" and that she measured success by making money -- by which standard she did not consider herself a particularly successful filmmaker.
I'll pass on talking up these films' political messages -- not because I don't think they have them but because I don't think that's truly why people care about these movies. Three decades after they were made, Deadly Weapons and Soul Vengeance are still a part of our culture, though in a sense different from the way that Battleship Potemkin is. These movies are self-perpetuating because of a virally transmitted high concept. The experience of watching the films is less central to the process than the transmission of the "urban legend" of their existence. In that they are linked to pre-cinematic and pre-literary modes like myth or joke (neither of which is so easily invented as a mere movie). These films' outre concepts engage the cultural infrastructure of attitudes about gender and ethnicity in a way that eludes most other filmmakers and creators of art. Deadly Weapons and Soul Vengeance are film as meme. There is nothing one-dimensional about that.
William Poundstone
Sources
Fanaka, Jamaa. Op ed pieces. Los Angeles Times, Oct. 24, 1994 and June 12, 1997. The latter, reporting on a $1.5 billion class-action suit Fanaka filed against twenty major movie and TV productions for discrimination against minorities, contains the comment about the Rockefeller and Ford grants.
Jarmick, Christopher J. "Doris Wishman: Remembering the grand dame of American Sexploitation films." http://www.sensesofcinema.com/contents/directors/02/wishman.html. This excellent web article claims that Wishman is "the most prolific woman filmmaker of all time" with 30 movies. There has been much controversy over Wishman's filmography because of her use of pseudonyms.
Vale, V.; Juno, Andrea; Morton, Jim; and Rice, Boyd. Incredibly Strange Films. San Francisco: Re/Search Publications (http://researchpubs.com/index.shtml), 1986. Contains Juno's interview with Wishman and a short biography by Jim Morton, p. 110-13.
看
看